Tuesday, September 30, 2025

Piazza Maggiore

If you set the dial on your time machine back to the 15th century, Piazza Maggiore wouldn't look much different than it does today, although Neptune's Fountain wasn't added until, Mannerism was all the rage among the elites in northern Italy, a hundred years later.


Pope Gregory XIII, who commissioned the Gregorian calendar (the one we use today) is seated above the entrance to the Palazzo d'Accursio.


Fun fact:  Neptune's trident inspired the Maserati logo when the company began making automobiles in Bologna.  It has since moved to Modena.


I experienced the piazza in the late afternoon, early morning and night.  


In Fascist Italy during World War II, resistance fighters were shot or hanged against this wall.  This Monument to Fallen Partisans honors the dead with their photos.



I inadvertently took a photo of the French guy on my Taste of Bologna food tour, checking to see if he was on time, walking past the Palazzo del Podesta with the Torre dell'Arengo. Its bell once summoned citizens to the square.


The other end of the arched walkway perfectly frames Neptune.


The palazzo, formerly Bologna's City Hall, is now a cultural exhibition space.



Neptune casts a louche shadow--it almost looks as if he is cruising!


Palazzo d'Accursio
Italians seeking an end to hostilities in Gaza camped and protested in the piazza.

Basilica di San Petronio
Palazzo del Podesta

Let's Do the MAMbo!

MAMbo is an even cooler acronym than MoMA.  Alas, the collection at the Museo d'Arte Moderna di Bologna, aside from a gallery of political art from the 1960s, left a lot to be desired.  This painting seems to presage the Red Brigades, a radical left group that rose out of the ashes of the anti-fascist movement and eventually adopted violent tactics, including the kidnapping and murder of an Italian prime minister.  The artist definitely fits the mold of the union workers and students who comprised it.

"Corteo" by Franco Angeli (1968)
Housed in what was once an industrial bakery, the museum now focuses primarily on contemporary art, in much the same way that MoMA's PS1 does.  You don't really have to know the concept behind this work--an homage to Le Corbusier--to appreciate the artist's execution.  He parked a Fiat he called the "chameleon" after painting it different colors in front of several iconic Italian landmarks.  My father did the something similar in black and white with his Karmann Ghias and me; one of my first internet aliases was nychameleon.

"Drive Tour #1" by Cristian Chironi (2020-21)
This shot really whet my appetite to see the Piazza del Duomo in Milan.  It did not disappoint.


Remember when describing someone as a "tranny" was OK?  Self-expression, no matter what the cost, was once prioritized over self-identification.  From the title of the work, I'm guessing it spoofs the sex workers in Nights of Cabiria, the 1957 Fellini film.

"I travestiti, Cabiria" by Lisetta Carmi (1965-67)
This label excerpt tells you everything you need to know about the museum's curators:

. . .  the silhouette of human heads is repeated multiplying itself infinitely on a white background of framed paper, transforming it into an enchanted place where signs proliferate in always unpredictable formulas.  They are faces that do not ask to be sentimentally expressive but masks that prevent sexual or temporal recognition and identification, which like silent archaic memories impregnated with symbolism, float in a temporal sea that gives the entire scene a ceremonial aura.

Huh? It looks like scribbled faces to me, over a very large canvas.  Kind of like the crowds in Venice.

"Teste" by Mimmo Paladino (detail, undated)
And the name of this multimedia work tells you everything you need to know about Emilio Vavarella, a University of Bologna graduate who now is an assistant professor at Skidmore College.


No matter what the angle, it left me cold


. . . bringing to mind the unkind adage "those who can, do; those who can't, teach."

"rs548049170_1_69869_TT (The Other Shapes of Me)"
Non-Italian art is also on view.

"Sleeping" by Gilbert & George (1991)
"Home and Dry II" by Christopher Muller (1996)
"Resisting Oblivion: Passion and Activism in the Feminist and Queer Archives of Bologna" probably would have resonated a lot more if I understood Italian.  This very verbose comic strip--Le Straordinarie Avventure di Penthotal by Andrea Pazienza, a Bolognese man determined to capture the local scene in the late 1970s--offers a good case in point.


New York City graffiti influenced many of the artists whose work had been archived.  Keith Haring donated this tender drawing to the city of Bologna in 1984 to honor the memory of Francesca Alinovi, a local art critic and author of the Emphastism Manifesto.  She had championed his work before her brutal murder.


MAMbo also houses the Museum of Morandi.  Still lives dominate the collection and leave the impression that Giorgio, Bologna-born, was a one-trick pony who often didn't bother to distinguish his subtle, slightly abstract compositions with different titles.  Individually, they're easy to love.

"Natura Morta" (1952)
"Natura Morta" (1957)
When I asked the woman staffing the museum's gift shop if it sold any Morandi post cards for use in my Northern Italy collage, she replied "No, we're in a dispute with the estate over the rights."  All righty, then.

Fiori (1957)
My "meh" reaction to the museum improved when I entered the final gallery, dominated by a mural very much like "Man at the Crossroads," one that Diego Rivera created for Rockefeller Center but now hangs in Mexico City.  


It commemorates the death of the Italian Communist Party's longtime leader and includes many of his (and the artist's) fellow travelers.  Look for Angela Davis, Jean-Paul Sartre, Rosa Luxemberg and Pier Paolo Pasolini as well as multiple Lenins (I count five), Stalin and Ho Chi Minh.  MIA:  Marx & Trotsky!

"Funerali di Togliatti" by Renato Guttuso (1972)
This silhouette likely belongs to the artist's "Typical Gestures" series.  I'm guessing it's Charles deGaulle.

Untitled Work by Sergio Lombardo (undated)
Things go better with Coke, although two of the artist's paramours, both Rolling Stones' muses, might have begged to differ.  Anita Pallenberg and Marianne Faithfull preferred horse.

"Coca Cola" by Mario Schifano (1962)
"Boxeur" by Titina Maselli (1965)
The outdoor event space behind MAMbo has seen better days although plenty of unleased dogs were enjoying the elevated park just beyond in the Porto neighborhood.



$100 Baloney Sandwich

I failed tortellini class in Bologna, popping the ingredients into my mouth instead of shaping them properly with my gnarled hands.


Taste of Bologna food tour began with a stop at Aroma where Valentina, our excellent local guide, explained the six different varieties of espresso available.


I tuned out after #3 and ordered something chocolate.  Our group included two of three Canadian triplets who were en route to the third's destination wedding in Florence with another young couple from Alberta; a woman from Wellington, New Zealand who had just been to a three-generation family reunion in Venice, with her 80-something parents making their 15th visit; a shy young guy from a Parisian suburb who hadn't heard of Jordan Bardella (or maybe I pronounced the right-wing politician's name wrong, you know how the French are), a young woman from the Marshall Islands and an American couple from San Clemente, California, the wife of whom once had chaperoned a prom at the Nixon Presidential Library ("I never would have stepped foot in there otherwise").  You probably can tell I was starved for conversation!


Italian women in rooster-patterned aprons make fresh pasta at Le Sfogline.  My homemade sample, while tasty, was hardly filling.



Inside the Mercato delle Erbe another woman rolled pasta dough.


Markets like this are making a comeback among younger Italians, who have grown weary of shopping in grocery stores.




I used this sign to educate myself after having trouble in Venice asking a fruit vender for figs.  Unfortunately, I misremembered the Italian word as "ficca" which provoked some odd looks in subsequent days.  Finally, a guy in Florence gently corrected me and explained that "ficca" referred to female genitalia, not on my shopping list.  Oops!


Looks like the bees of Emilia-Romagna are very productive.  Bologna is the capital of the region.


Valentina picked up 10 go-bags of artisanal bread at Il Forno di Calzolari, a bakery too small for our group to enter.


By the time we passed Il Calice, the wine bar where I had limited myself to a Ceasar salad the night before in anticipation of today's food tour, I was beginning to realize that no midday feast would be coming.


In fact, I had discovered the mouth-watering food district on my own the night before, resisting the impulse to shop for a meal instead of ordering one.



Somewhere along the way, Valentina had picked up two varieties of cold cuts.


She explained that she had reserved a table in a bar where we could enjoy a picnic lunch and several varieties of Italian wine, including Sangiovese (also known as the "Blood of Jupiter") and a delicious frizzante Lambrusco.



I've never been a fan of mortadella and my bag of bread contained two stale ends.  More to my taste were the condiments: fig and cheese spreads as well as reduced peppers and onions.  Valentina explained that the latter was often used a substitute for olive oil in the region.


She had told us to reserve a bit of the cheese and fig spread for a dollop balsamic vinegar. This little bottle cost more than the food tour!


The Taste of Bologna (barely!) ended at Vero where Valentina imparted the most important lesson of the day even if she couldn't quite parse the difference between gelato and high-fat content ice cream:  avoid gelaterias that serve colorful flavors and pile the product higher than the lips of the metal containers it's packed in.  Noted!


Day drunk after such a light midday meal, I combined caffe & ficci, two delicious flavors with an almost indistinguishable difference in bland color.


I'm also embarrassed to report that given the tour's $100 price tag (plus a well-deserved tip for Valentina), I dined on ramen soup that night in the food capital of Italy.